Explain about planning of cellular system in detail

15. Explain about planning of cellular system in detail.

How to start planning: Assume that the construction permit for a cellular system in a particular market area is granted, the planning stage becomes critical. A great deal of money can be spent and yet poor service may be provided if we do not know how to create a good plan. First, we have to determine two elements: regulations and the market situation.

Regulations: The federal regulations administered by the FCC are the same throughout the United States. The state regulations may be different from state to state, and each city and town may have its own building codes and zoning laws. Become familiar with the rules and regulations. Sometimes waivers need to be applied for ahead of time. Be sure that the plan is workable.

Market situation: There are three tasks to be handled by the marketing department.

1. Prediction of gross income: We have to determine the population, average income, business types, and business zones so that the gross income can be predicted.

2. Understanding competitors: We also need to know the competitor’s situation, coverage, system performance, and number of customers. Any system should provide a unique and outstanding service to overcome the competition.

3. Decision of geographic coverage: What general area should ultimately be covered? What near-term service can be provided in a limited area? These questions should be answered and the decisions passed on to the engineering department.

The engineer’s role: The engineers follow the market decisions by

1. Initiating a cellular mobile service in a given area by creating a plan that uses a minimum number of cell sites to cover the whole area. It is easy for marketing to request but hard for the engineers to fulfill.

2. Checking the areas that marketing indicated were important revenue areas. The number of radios (number of voice channels) required to handle the traffic load at the busy hours should be determined.

3. Studying the interference problems, such as co-channel and adjacent channel interference, and the inter modulation products gene rated at the cell sites, and finding ways to reduce them.

4. Studying the blocking probability of each call at each cell site, and trying to minimize it.

5. Planning to absorb more new customers. The rate at which new customers subscribe to a system can vary depending on the service charges, system performance, and seasons of the year. Engineering has to try to develop new technologies to utilize fully the limited spectrum assigned to the cellular system. Theanalysis of spectrum efficiency due to the natural limitations may lead to a request for a larger spectrum.